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Homework refers to tasks assigned to students by their teachers to be completed mostly outside of class.

Alternative education, also known as non-traditional education or educational alternative, includes a number of approaches to teaching and learning other than mainstream or traditional education.

Differentiated instruction is a way of thinking about teaching and learning. It involves teachers using a variety of instructional strategies that address diverse student learning needs.

Home schooling, home learning or home school – is the education of children at home, typically by parents or professional tutors, rather than in a public or private school.

Traditional education is a long established and generally accepted custom that is found in schools that society deems appropriate.

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Home schooling

Home schooling (also called home education), home learning or home school – is the education of children at home, typically by parents or professional tutors, rather than in a public or private school.

Although prior to the introduction of compulsory school attendance laws, most childhood education occurred within the family or community[2], home schooling in the modern sense is an alternative in developed countries to formal education.

In many places home schooling is a legal option for parents who wish to provide their children with a different learning environment than exists in nearby schools. These motivations range from a dissatisfaction with the schools in their area to the dissatisfaction of modern schools in general. It is also an alternative for families living in isolated rural locations and those who choose, for practical or personal reasons, not to have their children attend school.

Home schooling may also refer to instruction in the home under the supervision of correspondence schools or umbrella schools. In some places, an approved curriculum is legally required if children are to be home-schooled. A curriculum-free philosophy of home schooling may be called unschooling, a term coined in 1977 by American educator John Holt in his magazine Growing Without Schooling.

For much of history and in many cultures, enlisting professional teachers (whether as tutors or in an formal academic setting) was an option available only to a small elite. Thus, until relatively recently, the vast majority of people were educated by parents (especially during early childhood) and in the context of a specific type labor that they would pursue in adult life (such as working in the fields or learning a trade). The earliest compulsory education in the West began in the late 17th century and early 18th century in the German states of Gotha, Calemberg and, particularly, Prussia. However, even in the 18th century, the vast majority of people in Europe lacked formal schooling. It has only been since the early and mid 19th century that formal schooling in a classroom setting has become the norm and standard throughout the world, especially in developed countries.